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Home Technical Articles Frost Heave Resistance Optimization and Rural Water Supply Applications of PE Drinking Water Pipes ——Low-Temperature Solutions Based on GB/T 13663 Standard

Technical Articles

Frost Heave Resistance Optimization and Rural Water Supply Applications of PE Drinking Water Pipes ——Low-Temperature Solutions Based on GB/T 13663 Standard

/ Post by by 孙飞虎

1. Research Background


PE drinking water pipes are the 主流 choice for rural water safety projects (68% share) due to their low-temperature resistance, flexibility, and easy installation. However, in northern permafrost regions (frost depth >1.5m), frost heave damage causes 31% of failures (2024 MWR statistics), manifested as:


  • Oval deformation (>8%) from ice crystal extrusion
  • Joint separation (58% of failures) from backfill heave

2. Core Issue: Frost Heave Mechanism

2.1 Frost Heave Stages


Through low-temperature simulation tests (SL 319-2018), failures relate to soil moisture, diameter, and burial depth:
![Frost Heave Process Schematic](Figure 1)


  • Moisture migration (cooling to 0℃): Water accumulates around pipes
  • Ice formation (-5℃ to -15℃): 9% volume expansion creates heave force
  • Thaw settlement (warming >0℃): Soil subsidence causes pipe bending

2.2 Key Parameters


Parameter GB Requirement Permafrost Engineering Challenges
Elongation at break (%) ≥350 Only 200-250% at low temps
Elastic modulus (MPa) 600-800 Increases to 1200-1500MPa
Thermal conductivity (W/(m·K)) 0.45-0.55 Accelerates soil freezing

3. Frost Heave Optimization

3.1 Material Modification


LLDPE + NBR blend modification:


Material Type -20℃ Elongation at Break (%) Low-Temp Modulus (MPa) Brittleness Temp (℃)
Traditional HDPE 220 1350 -70
Modified PE 380 950 -85
Steel pipe - 210000 -


Breakthrough:


  • NBR particles form flexible buffer phases (Figure 2)
  • Low-temp toughness +73%, modulus -30%

3.2 Structural Design


"Corrugated-smooth" composite structure (Figure 3) vs. plain pipes:


  • Allows axial deformation ±12mm
  • Frost heave force reduced by 28%
  • Equivalent frozen diameter -15%

4. Rural Water Solutions

4.1 Frost Resistance Standard


Based on SL 319-2018, internal indicators:


Parameter GB Requirement Optimized Standard Test Method
-20℃ impact strength (kJ/m²) ≥10 ≥18 GB/T 1843-2008
Frost heave strain (%) - ≤5 Frost simulation test
Thermal conductivity (W/(m·K)) - ≤0.40 Hot wire method

4.2 Low-Cost Construction


"Three Cushions One Protection" installation:


  1. Anti-frost cushion: 300mm crushed stone (20-40mm)
  2. Buffer cushion: 50mm expanded polyethylene
  3. Waterproof cushion: 200g/m² geomembrane
  4. Burial depth: ≥frost depth + 300mm

5. Field Test Case: Northern Rural Water Project


Index Traditional PE Frost-Resistant PE Standard Requirement
Frost heave deformation (%) 7.2 2.1 ≤5
Winter burst rate (times/year) 4 0 0
Construction cost (¥/m) 28 25 -

6. Future Technologies

6.1 Phase Change Material Composite Pipe


Embedded paraffin/graphite PCM (Figure 4) delays freezing via latent heat absorption, reducing heave force by 50%.

6.2 Smart Frost Warning System


Integrated fiber Bragg grating sensors for real-time monitoring of:


  • Frost front advance rate (±1mm/d accuracy)
  • Pipe strain alerts (3% threshold)


Conclusion
This paper solves frost heave issues through material modification + structural design + construction innovation. As a professional supplier, we provide:
✅ Rural water-specific frost-resistant PE pipes (dn20-dn110mm)
✅ Permafrost pipeline design solutions
✅ Third-party frost heave testing reports


Keywords: PE drinking water pipe, frost heave resistance, rural water supply, low-temperature performance, GB/T 13663

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